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O-Level A-Math Calculus Guide

Differentiation and integration for A-Math — concepts, common mistakes, and exam strategy for Sec 3–4.

Differentiation and integration guide for O-Level A-Math — concepts, common mistakes, and exam strategy for Sec 3–4 students.

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Differentiation Basics

Power rule: d/dx (xⁿ) = nxⁿ⁻¹
Constant multiple rule: d/dx (c·f(x)) = c·f'(x)
Sum/difference rule: d/dx (f(x) ± g(x)) = f'(x) ± g'(x)

Integration Basics

Power rule for integration: ∫xⁿ dx = xⁿ⁺¹/(n+1) + C (n ≠ -1)
Constant multiple: ∫c·f(x) dx = c·∫f(x) dx
Definite integrals calculate area under the curve

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need to memorize all integration formulas?▾

You should memorize the standard forms (power rule, constant multiple) and understand when to apply substitution or integration by parts.

What's the difference between differentiation and integration?▾

Differentiation finds the rate of change (slope); integration finds the accumulation (area under curve). They are inverse operations.

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